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Annotated Bibliographies

Reading for Annotated Bibliographies

An annotated bibliography is a curated list of relevant sources, not just a list of sources found. Make sure you're only including sources that help you answer your research question. To make sure you're finding and understanding relevant sources, you may want to take notes as you read. This will help you identify the important points and create your annotated bibliography. Be able to identify:

  • The overall argument the source is making
  • How the author(s) arrived at their conclusions
  • Where this article fits into the conversation surrounding your topic
  • Elements you’d use in your own research (quotes, statistics, etc.)

To evaluate the source, you should read "around" the source, meaning you should investigate the:

  • Author of the source
  • Journal, publication, or publisher of the source
  • Links included in the source or people quoted in the source
  • Footnotes and bibliography

Writing an Annotation

An annotation with citation, annotation, summary, and evaluation labeledYour professor will likely give you specific instructions for an annotated bibliography or structured research notes assignment. This portion of the guide is meant to give you some general guidelines.

In most cases, annotations should be one paragraph long. Good annotations usually include:

  • A summary of the source's main ideas and point.
    • What are the important facts of the source?
    • Why is the research valuable? 
  • An evaluation of the source.
    • How does this source help you answer your unique research question?
    • Why do you find the source to be credible?

You may also want to include details about any connections to other sources or overarching themes. The annotation should form one complete paragraph. Annotations should be written mostly in your own words—you should only use direct quotes when absolutely necessary.

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